@article {11913,
	title = {Can MOOCs empower people to critically think about climate change? A learning outcome based comparison of two MOOCs},
	journal = {Journal of Cleaner Production},
	volume = {222},
	year = {2019},
	chapter = {12-21},
	abstract = {<p>Climate change can be regarded as one of the key topics of sustainable development where public awareness and education are crucial. In the field of education, Massive Online Open Courses (MOOCs) have raised remarkable attention throughout the last decade as their initial objective is to provide massive open online education for everyone. This article aims to explore the impact of MOOCs on learning about climate change. This is necessary in order to evaluate whether MOOCs can make a substantial contribution to lifelong learning about sustainable development for a wider audience. We therefore present findings from self-assessment questionnaires of participants from two climate change MOOCs provided by two-distance learning universities in Germany and Portugal. Both MOOCs aimed at imparting to the participants the competencies to better understand the topic of climate change. The objective of the survey was a competency-based evaluation to review which learning outcomes have been achieved. The results indicate that taking part in either of the MOOCs increased the participants\&rsquo; competencies to critically engage in the climate change debate. MOOCs are able to convey certain learning outcomes to the students and thus can contribute to climate change literacy. For further research, we recommend a more differentiated view on MOOCs and the learning opportunities for participants. Options for potential improvement are to think of better ways of how to integrate MOOCs into climate change education or to consider possibilities to increase the attractiveness of MOOCs for instance by using innovative formats to overcome the barriers between formal and informal learning.</p>
},
	keywords = {blended learing, distance education, learning outcomes, MOOCs, Online Learning, virtual mobility},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.02.190},
	author = {Otto, Daniel and Caeiro, Sandra and Nicolau, Paula and Disterheft, Antje and Teixeira, Ant{\'o}nio and Becker, Sara and Bollmann, Alexander and Sander, Kirsten}
}
@article {12513,
	title = {The position of Distance Education in a journal network},
	journal = {Distance Education},
	year = {2019},
	abstract = {<p>On the occasion of the 40th anniversary of the journal Distance Education (DE), this study explores the position of this journal in a network of open and distance education, educational technology and learning design publications. A citation network analysis was undertaken to explore the scholarly communication network of distance education, using articles published in DE from 1980 onwards (n = 656), alongside references cited in those articles (n = 16,729), as well as articles (n = 6003) and associated references (n = 164,444) published in 22 leading journals indexed in the Web of Science between 2014 and 2019. A distinction is made between a narrower (intra-DE) and a wider (inter-journal) distance education network. The study reveals DE\&rsquo;s relationship to the wider educational technology community over time and identifies the most prolific journals and authors in this network.</p>
},
	keywords = {citation analysis, distance education, impact, journal network, scientific communication},
	doi = { 10.1080/01587919.2019.1692766},
	author = {Zawacki-Richter, Olaf and Buntins, Katja}
}
@inbook {11915,
	title = {E-Learning and Sustainable Development},
	booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Sustainability in Higher Education},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {1 - 8},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	organization = {Springer International Publishing},
	address = {Cham},
	keywords = {blended learing, distance education, learning outcomes, MOOCs, Online Learning, virtual mobility},
	isbn = {978-3-319-63951-2},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63951-2},
	author = {Otto, Daniel and Becker, Sara},
	editor = {Leal Filho, Walter}
}
